How to Install Craft CMS on FreeBSD 12

Introduction

Craft CMS is an open source CMS written in PHP. Craft CMS source code is hosted on GitHub. This guide will show you how to install Craft CMS with Nginx on a fresh FreeBSD 12 Vultr instance.

Requirements

Craft requires the following:

• PHP version 7.0 or greater with the following extensions:
  • ctype
  • curl
  • gd or imagemagick
  • iconv
  • json
  • mbstring
  • openssl
  • pcre
  • pdo
  • pdo mysql
  • pdo postgresql
  • reflection
  • spl
  • zip
  • intl
  • dom
• MySQL version 5.5 or greater with InnoDB, MariaDB version 5.5 or greater, or PostgreSQL version 9.5 or greater
• At least 256MB of memory allocated to PHP
• At least 200MB of free disk space
• Nginx
• Composer

Before you begin

Check the FreeBSD version.

uname -ro
# FreeBSD 12.0-RELEASE

Ensure that your FreeBSD system is up to date.

freebsd-update fetch install
pkg update && pkg upgrade -y

Install the necessary packages.

pkg install -y sudo vim unzip curl wget bash socat git

Create a new user account with your preferred username. We will use johndoe.

adduser

# Username: johndoe
# Full name: John Doe
# Uid (Leave empty for default): <Enter>
# Login group [johndoe]: <Enter>
# Login group is johndoe. Invite johndoe into other groups? []: wheel
# Login class [default]: <Enter>
# Shell (sh csh tcsh nologin) [sh]: bash
# Home directory [/home/johndoe]: <Enter>
# Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): <Enter>
# Use password-based authentication? [yes]: <Enter>
# Use an empty password? (yes/no) [no]: <Enter>
# Use a random password? (yes/no) [no]: <Enter>
# Enter password: your_secure_password
# Enter password again: your_secure_password
# Lock out the account after creation? [no]: <Enter>
# OK? (yes/no): yes
# Add another user? (yes/no): no
# Goodbye!

Run the visudo command and uncomment the %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL line, to allow members of the wheel group to execute any command.

visudo

# Uncomment by removing hash (#) sign
# %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

Now, switch to your newly created user with su.

su - johndoe

NOTE: Replace johndoe with your username.

Set up the timezone.

sudo tzsetup

Step 1 – Install PHP and required PHP extensions

Install PHP, as well as the necessary PHP extensions.

sudo pkg install -y php72 php72-mbstring php72-tokenizer php72-pdo php72-pdo_mysql php72-openssl php72-hash php72-json php72-phar php72-filter php72-zlib php72-dom php72-xml php72-xmlwriter php72-xmlreader php72-pecl-imagick php72-curl php72-session php72-ctype php72-iconv php72-gd php72-simplexml php72-zip php72-filter php72-tokenizer php72-calendar php72-fileinfo php72-intl php72-mysqli php72-phar php72-opcache

Check the version.

php --version
# PHP 7.2.19 (cli) (built: Jun 13 2019 01:11:35) ( NTS )
# Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
# Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

Soft-link php.ini-production to php.ini.

sudo ln -s /usr/local/etc/php.ini-production /usr/local/etc/php.ini

Enable and start PHP-FPM.

sudo sysrc php_fpm_enable=yes
sudo service php-fpm start

Step 2 – Install MariaDB and create a database

Install MariaDB.

sudo pkg install -y mariadb102-client mariadb102-server

Check the version.

mysql --version
# mysql  Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.2.24-MariaDB, for FreeBSD12.0 (amd64) using readline 5.1

Start and enable MariaDB.

sudo sysrc mysql_enable="yes" 
sudo service mysql-server start

Run the mysql_secure_installation script to improve the security of your MariaDB installation.

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Log into MariaDB as the root user.

mysql -u root -p
# Enter password:

Create a new database and user. Remember the credentials for this new user.

CREATE DATABASE dbname;
GRANT ALL ON dbname.* TO 'username' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;

Step 3 – Install and configure Nginx

Install Nginx.

sudo pkg install -y nginx

Check the version.

nginx -v
# nginx version: nginx/1.14.2

Enable and start Nginx.

sudo sysrc nginx_enable=yes
sudo service nginx start

Run sudo vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/craft.conf and set up Nginx for Craft.

server {

  listen 80;
  listen [::]:80;
  server_name example.com;
  root /usr/local/www/craft/web;

  index index.php;

  location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
  }

  location ~ /.php$ {
    try_files $uri =404;
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  }

}

Save the file and exit.

Now we need to include craft.conf in the main nginx.conf file.

Run sudo vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf and add the following line to the http {} block.

include craft.conf;

Test the configuration.

sudo nginx -t

Reload Nginx.

sudo service nginx reload

Step 4 – Install Composer

Install Composer globally.

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php -r "if (hash_file('SHA384', 'composer-setup.php') === '48e3236262b34d30969dca3c37281b3b4bbe3221bda826ac6a9a62d6444cdb0dcd0615698a5cbe587c3f0fe57a54d8f5') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

Check the version.

composer --version
# Composer version 1.8.6 2019-06-11 15:03:05

Step 5 – Download and install Craft CMS

Create a document root directory.

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/www/craft

Change ownership of the /usr/local/www/craft directory to johndoe.

sudo chown -R johndoe:johndoe /usr/local/www/craft

Navigate to the document root directory.

cd /usr/local/www/craft

Download the latest stable release of Craft CMS via composer.

composer create-project craftcms/craft .

Change ownership of the /usr/local/www/craft directory to www.

sudo chown -R www:www /usr/local/www/craft

In your web browser, go to http://<Hostname>/index.php?p=admin/install, substituting <Hostname> with your web server’s hostname. Craft’s setup wizard will greet you. To access Craft’s administrative interface, append /admin to your IP/domain.